<div dir="ltr"><div><div><div><div><br>I want to <b>APPEND</b> the UK data into the international.tif<br>The updated international size should also be: 450000, 225000<br><br><b>I first tried </b><br>gdalbuildvrt -o /data/coastal-2020.vrt /vsis3/summer/3/coastal-2020.tif /vsis3/summer/5/coastal-2020.tif <br><br>gdal_translate /data/coastal-2020.vrt /data/3/coastal-2020.tif /data/5/coastal-2020.tif -n -9999 -co BIGTIFF=YES -co COMPRESS=LZW -co BLOCKXSIZE=128 -co BLOCKYSIZE=128 -co NUM_THREADS=ALL_CPUS --config CPL_VSIL_USE_TEMP_FILE_FOR_RANDOM_WRITE YES --config <br><br></div><div><b>The output was rubbish</b><br></div><div><br></div></div><div><br></div><div>The UK image size is: 18376, 17086</div>The international size is: 450000, 225000<br></div><br></div><div>I tried<br>/data/3/coastal-2020-test.tif = 7GB<br>/data/5/coastal-2020.tif = 700MB<br><br>gdalwarp -r near -overwrite /data/3/coastal-2020.tif /data/3/coastal-2020-test1.tif -co BIGTIFF=YES -co COMPRESS=LZW -co BLOCKXSIZE=128 -co BLOCKYSIZE=128 -co NUM_THREADS=ALL_CPUS -co PREDICTOR=3 --config CPL_VSIL_USE_TEMP_FILE_FOR_RANDOM_WRITE YES & disown -h</div><div><br></div><div>The AWS Instance with over 60 VCPU ran for over 8 hours<br></div><div><br><br></div>I tried:<br><div>/data/5/coastal-2020.tif = 700MB</div><div>/data/3/coastal-2020-test.tif = 7GB</div><br>gdalwarp -r near -overwrite /data/5/coastal-2020.tif /data/3/coastal-2020-test.tif -co BIGTIFF=YES -co COMPRESS=LZW -co BLOCKXSIZE=128 -co BLOCKYSIZE=128 -co NUM_THREADS=ALL_CPUS -co PREDICTOR=3 --config CPL_VSIL_USE_TEMP_FILE_FOR_RANDOM_WRITE YES<br><div><div><div><div><div><br></div><div>The output is: 18376, 17086 <b>not</b> 450000, 225000</div><div><br></div><div>Any assistance appreciated<br><br></div><div>Thanks<br><br></div><div>Clive<br></div><div><br></div><div><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, 14 Dec 2022 at 09:23, Rahkonen Jukka <<a href="mailto:jukka.rahkonen@maanmittauslaitos.fi" target="_blank">jukka.rahkonen@maanmittauslaitos.fi</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div>
<div lang="FI">
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Hi,<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">I don’t mean that you should try this and that blindly but to describe what data you have in your hands and what you are planning to do with it so that the other GDAL users could consider
what reasonable alternatives you could have. I have never done anything that is even close to your use case but due to other experience I can see potential issues in a few places:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0cm" type="disc">
<li style="margin-left:0cm"><span lang="EN-US">You try to update image A that has a size
</span><span lang="EN-US">450000 by 225000 pixels with image B that has the same size. The result would be A updated into a full copy of B if all pixels in B are valid.</span><span lang="EN-US"><u></u><u></u></span></li><li style="margin-left:0cm"><span lang="EN-US">However, image B probably has very much NoData (we do not know because you have not told that) and if GDAL deals with NoData correctly the result would be A updated
with valid pixels from B and that is probably what is desired.</span><span lang="EN-US"><u></u><u></u></span></li><li style="margin-left:0cm"><span lang="EN-US">However, we do not know how effectively GDAL skips the nodata pixels of B. It may be fast or not. If we know that most part of the world is NoData it might be good
to crop image B to include just the area where there is data. That’s maybe UK in your case. If skipping the NoData is fast then cropping won’t give speedup but it is cheap to test.</span><span lang="EN-US"><u></u><u></u></span></li><li style="margin-left:0cm"><span lang="EN-US">You have compressed images. LZW algorithm is compressing some data more effectively than some other. If you expect that you can replace a chunk of LZW compressed
data inside a TIFF file with another chunk of LZW compressed data in place you are wrong. The new chunk of data may be larger and it just cannot fit into the same space. Assumption that updating a 6 GB image with 600 MB new data would yield a 6 GB image is
not correct with compressed data.</span><span lang="EN-US"><u></u><u></u></span></li><li style="margin-left:0cm"><span lang="EN-US">I can imagine that there could be other technical reasons to write the replacing data at the end of the existing TIFF and update the image directories. If the image
size is critical it may require re-writing the updated TIFF into a new TIFF file. The complete re-write can be done in most optimal way. See this wiki page
<a href="https://trac.osgeo.org/gdal/wiki/UserDocs/GdalWarp#GeoTIFFoutput-coCOMPRESSisbroken" target="_blank">
https://trac.osgeo.org/gdal/wiki/UserDocs/GdalWarp#GeoTIFFoutput-coCOMPRESSisbroken</a></span><span lang="EN-US"><u></u><u></u></span></li><li style="margin-left:0cm"><span lang="EN-US">If the images are in AWS it is possible that the process should be somehow different than with local images. I have no experience
about AWS yet.<u></u><u></u></span></li><li style="margin-left:0cm"><span lang="EN-US">A
</span><span lang="EN-US">450000 by 225000 image is rather big. It is possible that it would be faster to split the image into smaller parts, update the parts that need updating, and combine the parts back into a big image. Or keep the parts and combine them
virtually with gdalbuildvrt into VRT.</span><span lang="EN-US"><u></u><u></u></span></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Your use case is not so usual and it is rather heavy but there are certainly several ways to do what you want. What should be avoided it to select an inefficient method and try to optimize it.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Good luck with your experiments,<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">-Jukka-</span><span lang="EN-US"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:18pt"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:18pt"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:18pt"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<div>
<div style="border-color:rgb(225,225,225) currentcolor currentcolor;border-style:solid none none;border-width:1pt medium medium;padding:3pt 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Lähettäjä:</b> Clive Swan <<a href="mailto:cliveswan@gmail.com" target="_blank">cliveswan@gmail.com</a>> <br>
<b>Lähetetty:</b> keskiviikko 14. joulukuuta 2022 10.29<br>
<b>Vastaanottaja:</b> Rahkonen Jukka <<a href="mailto:jukka.rahkonen@maanmittauslaitos.fi" target="_blank">jukka.rahkonen@maanmittauslaitos.fi</a>><br>
<b>Aihe:</b> Re: [gdal-dev] gdalwarp running very slow<u></u><u></u></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Hi Jukka,<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:rgb(33,33,33)"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:rgb(33,33,33)">Thanks for that, was really stressed.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:rgb(33,33,33)">I will export the UK extent, and rerun the script.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:rgb(33,33,33)"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:rgb(33,33,33)">Thanks<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:rgb(33,33,33)">Clive<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<div id="m_346335319753308561m_5240173376920134995divRplyFwdMsg">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color:black">From:</span></b><span style="color:black"> Rahkonen Jukka <<a href="mailto:jukka.rahkonen@maanmittauslaitos.fi" target="_blank">jukka.rahkonen@maanmittauslaitos.fi</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, December 14, 2022 7:18:50 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Clive Swan <<a href="mailto:cliveswan@gmail.com" target="_blank">cliveswan@gmail.com</a>>;
<a href="mailto:gdal-dev@lists.osgeo.org" target="_blank">gdal-dev@lists.osgeo.org</a> <<a href="mailto:gdal-dev@lists.osgeo.org" target="_blank">gdal-dev@lists.osgeo.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [gdal-dev] gdalwarp running very slow</span> <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"> <u></u><u></u></p>
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<div>
<p>Hi,<u></u><u></u></p>
<p> <u></u><u></u></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Thank you for the information about the source files. I do not yet understand what you are trying to do and why. The both images have the same size 450000 and 225000 and they cover the same area. Is the “image 5_UK_coastal-2020.tif”
just NoData with pixel value -9999 everywhere outside the UK? The name of the image makes me think so.</span><u></u><u></u></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"> </span><u></u><u></u></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">-Jukka Rahkonen-</span><u></u><u></u></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"> </span><u></u><u></u></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"> </span><u></u><u></u></p>
<div style="border-color:rgb(225,225,225) currentcolor currentcolor;border-style:solid none none;border-width:1pt medium medium;padding:3pt 0cm 0cm">
<p><b>Lähettäjä:</b> Clive Swan <<a href="mailto:cliveswan@gmail.com" target="_blank">cliveswan@gmail.com</a>>
<br>
<b>Lähetetty:</b> tiistai 13. joulukuuta 2022 19.22<br>
<b>Vastaanottaja:</b> <a href="mailto:gdal-dev@lists.osgeo.org" target="_blank">gdal-dev@lists.osgeo.org</a><br>
<b>Kopio:</b> Rahkonen Jukka <<a href="mailto:jukka.rahkonen@maanmittauslaitos.fi" target="_blank">jukka.rahkonen@maanmittauslaitos.fi</a>><br>
<b>Aihe:</b> [gdal-dev] gdalwarp running very slow<u></u><u></u></p>
</div>
<p> <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p style="margin-bottom:12pt"> Greetings,<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p>I am using the same files, I copied them from an AWS Bucket to a local AWS Instance.<u></u><u></u></p>
</div>
<p>I tried gdal_merge << tries to create 300GB file<u></u><u></u></p>
</div>
<p>I tried gdal_translate ran but created 2.5 GB not 6.9 GB file<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p>Now trying gdalwarp.<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p> <u></u><u></u></p>
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<div>
<p>the gdalinfo is the same in both datasets:<u></u><u></u></p>
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<pre>coastal-2020.tif (6.9GB)<u></u><u></u></pre>
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<p>Driver: GTiff/GeoTIFF<br>
Size is 450000, 225000<br>
Coordinate System is:<br>
GEOGCRS["WGS 84",<br>
DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984",<br>
ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,<br>
LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],<br>
PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,<br>
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],<br>
CS[ellipsoidal,2],<br>
AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,<br>
ORDER[1],<br>
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],<br>
AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,<br>
ORDER[2],<br>
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],<br>
ID["EPSG",4326]]<br>
Data axis to CRS axis mapping: 2,1<br>
Origin = (-180.000000000000000,90.000000000000000)<br>
Pixel Size = (0.000800000000000,-0.000800000000000)<br>
Metadata:<br>
AREA_OR_POINT=Area<br>
datetime_created=2022-11-14 18:05:14.053301<br>
Image Structure Metadata:<br>
COMPRESSION=LZW<br>
INTERLEAVE=BAND<br>
PREDICTOR=3<br>
Corner Coordinates:<br>
Upper Left (-180.0000000, 90.0000000) (180d 0' 0.00"W, 90d 0' 0.00"N)<br>
Lower Left (-180.0000000, -90.0000000) (180d 0' 0.00"W, 90d 0' 0.00"S)<br>
Upper Right ( 180.0000000, 90.0000000) (180d 0' 0.00"E, 90d 0' 0.00"N)<br>
Lower Right ( 180.0000000, -90.0000000) (180d 0' 0.00"E, 90d 0' 0.00"S)<br>
Center ( 0.0000000, 0.0000000) ( 0d 0' 0.01"E, 0d 0' 0.01"N)<br>
Band 1 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Gray<br>
Description = score<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 2 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = severity_value<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 3 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = severity_min<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 4 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = severity_max<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 5 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = likelihood<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 6 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = return_time<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 7 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = likelihood_confidence<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 8 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = climate_reliability<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 9 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = hazard_reliability<br>
NoData Value=-9999<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p> <u></u><u></u></p>
<pre>5_UK_coastal-2020.tif (600MB)<u></u><u></u></pre>
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<p>Driver: GTiff/GeoTIFF<br>
Size is 450000, 225000<br>
Coordinate System is:<br>
GEOGCRS["WGS 84",<br>
DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984",<br>
ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,<br>
LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],<br>
PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,<br>
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],<br>
CS[ellipsoidal,2],<br>
AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,<br>
ORDER[1],<br>
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],<br>
AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,<br>
ORDER[2],<br>
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],<br>
ID["EPSG",4326]]<br>
Data axis to CRS axis mapping: 2,1<br>
Origin = (-180.000000000000000,90.000000000000000)<br>
Pixel Size = (0.000800000000000,-0.000800000000000)<br>
Metadata:<br>
AREA_OR_POINT=Area<br>
datetime_created=2022-11-14 18:05:14.053301<br>
hostname=posix.uname_result(sysname='Linux', nodename='ip-172-31-12-125', release='5.15.0-1022-aws', version='#26~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Sat Oct 15 03:22:07 UTC 2022', machine='x86_64')<br>
Image Structure Metadata:<br>
COMPRESSION=LZW<br>
INTERLEAVE=BAND<br>
PREDICTOR=3<br>
Corner Coordinates:<br>
Upper Left (-180.0000000, 90.0000000) (180d 0' 0.00"W, 90d 0' 0.00"N)<br>
Lower Left (-180.0000000, -90.0000000) (180d 0' 0.00"W, 90d 0' 0.00"S)<br>
Upper Right ( 180.0000000, 90.0000000) (180d 0' 0.00"E, 90d 0' 0.00"N)<br>
Lower Right ( 180.0000000, -90.0000000) (180d 0' 0.00"E, 90d 0' 0.00"S)<br>
Center ( 0.0000000, 0.0000000) ( 0d 0' 0.01"E, 0d 0' 0.01"N)<br>
Band 1 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Gray<br>
Description = score<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 2 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = severity_value<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 3 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = severity_min<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 4 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = severity_max<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 5 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = likelihood<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 6 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = return_time<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 7 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = likelihood_confidence<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 8 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = climate_reliability<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br>
Band 9 Block=128x128 Type=Float32, ColorInterp=Undefined<br>
Description = hazard_reliability<br>
NoData Value=-9999<br clear="all">
<br>
-- <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p style="margin:0cm"><span style="font-size:8pt"> Regards,</span><u></u><u></u></p>
<p style="margin:0cm"> <u></u><u></u></p>
<p style="margin:0cm"><span style="font-size:8pt">Clive Swan</span><u></u><u></u></p>
<p style="margin:0cm"><span style="font-size:12pt">--</span><u></u><u></u></p>
<pre>Hi,<u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre> <u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre>If you are still struggling with the same old problem could you please finally send the gdalinfo reports of your two input files which are this time:<u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre>coastal-2020.tif<u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre>5_UK_coastal-2020.tif<u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre> <u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre>-Jukka Rahkonen-<u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre> <u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre> <u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre>Lähettäjä: gdal-dev <<a href="https://eur06.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Flists.osgeo.org%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Fgdal-dev&data=05%7C01%7Cjukka.rahkonen%40maanmittauslaitos.fi%7C23104e51c7df4d425ea008daddad3302%7Cc4f8a63255804a1c92371d5a571b71fa%7C0%7C0%7C638066033206354325%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=CXQisAtn9pOYceYi%2FOb3t5q5cnSyvuCXcbUQcttrOWw%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">gdal-dev-bounces at lists.osgeo.org</a>> Puolesta Clive Swan<u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre>Lähetetty: tiistai 13. joulukuuta 2022 17.23<u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre>Vastaanottaja: <a href="https://eur06.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Flists.osgeo.org%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Fgdal-dev&data=05%7C01%7Cjukka.rahkonen%40maanmittauslaitos.fi%7C23104e51c7df4d425ea008daddad3302%7Cc4f8a63255804a1c92371d5a571b71fa%7C0%7C0%7C638066033206510566%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=7dYGZEvrPMXi%2BDKseAc4HeYW%2FdDa%2BAqEAQfwX%2B6bF5E%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">gdal-dev at lists.osgeo.org</a><u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre>Aihe: [gdal-dev] gdalwarp running very slow<u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre> <u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre>Greetings,<u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre>I am running gdalwarp on a 6GB (output) and 600MB (input) tif image, the AWS Instance has approx 60 VCPU<u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre>It has taken over 6 hours so far - still running, is it possible to optimise this and speed it up??<u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre> <u></u><u></u></pre>
<pre>gdalwarp -r near -overwrite coastal-2020.tif 5_UK_coastal-2020.tif -co BIGTIFF=YES -co COMPRESS=LZW -co BLOCKXSIZE=128 -co BLOCKYSIZE=128 -co NUM_THREADS=ALL_CPUS --config CPL_VSIL_USE_TEMP_FILE_FOR_RANDOM_WRITE YES<u></u><u></u></pre>
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</div></blockquote></div><br clear="all"><br>-- <br><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:8pt"> Regards,</span></p><p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:8pt"><br></span></p><p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:8pt">Clive Swan</span></p>
<p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span><font size="3"><font face="Calibri">--</font></font></span></p>
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<p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="color:gray"><font size="3"><font face="Calibri">M: +44 7766 452665</font></font></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>