<div dir="ltr"><div>The problem is how do you "identify" the elevation without an vertical reference. If I say that the height/elevation/z is 345.678 m.... what is the reference?</div><div>A geoid model express the transformation from a 3D CRS to a compound (2D + vertical) CRS. Without a way to name the vertical CRS, what are we talking about?</div><div>I know that many countries only have one. So it is "the one and only". But there are many countries, so there are many "one and only" vertical CRS... that is a contradiction ;)</div><div><br></div><div>They just have to register theirs in EPSG (I'm sure they have one).</div><div>I have already talked with some countries about this topic: Israel, Colombia, Brazil, ... They are usually so busy to pay attention. Maybe I am lucky now with Brazil, that has a new management.</div><div><br></div><div>My point with the email was to find something with the right contacts. Knowing the right person makes everything much easy.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Let's see.<br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, 7 Jan 2025 at 13:38, Greg Troxel via PROJ <<a href="mailto:proj@lists.osgeo.org">proj@lists.osgeo.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Javier Jimenez Shaw via PROJ <<a href="mailto:proj@lists.osgeo.org" target="_blank">proj@lists.osgeo.org</a>> writes:<br>
<br>
> Could anybody explain why a vertical coordinate reference system is needed<br>
> to properly use a geoid model?<br>
<br>
(This is all a little fuzzy, and I hope that fuzz doesn't matter.)<br>
<br>
Restating what I think is agreed: A geoid model is some combination of<br>
numbers and formulas, that when given a lat/lon, tells you the<br>
difference between HAE in some datum and some kind of height.<br>
<br>
A gravimetric geoid model relates the zero of equipotential surface to<br>
zero HAE.<br>
<br>
A hybrid geoid model relates the zero of an orthometric datum (that is<br>
probably not an equipotential surface), such as NAVD 88, to zero HAE. A<br>
hybrid geoid model does not make sense without a vertical CRS.<br>
<br>
A pure gravimetric geoid model needs only a W_0 (U_0), and we don't tend<br>
to label that as a CRS. I would expect you'd need to complete the CRS<br>
by talking about dynamic vs orthometric height, and you'd need dynamic<br>
to not make a semantic mess where you can go up 100m, sideways along an<br>
equipotential, down 100m and back, and not end up where you started.<br>
<br>
<a href="https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/GEOID/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/GEOID/</a><br>
NGS says their gravimetric geoids:<br>
<br>
Converts heights from ITRFxx to the NGS geoid supprface<br>
(not NAVD 88 or other Vertical datums)<br>
<br>
An example is "EGM2008" which I see as a gravimetric geoid model,<br>
converting WGS84 HAE to "WGS84 Orthometric Height".<br>
<a href="https://spatialreference.org/ref/epsg/3855/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://spatialreference.org/ref/epsg/3855/</a><br>
<br>
So, if the Thai geoid is basically functionally like EGM2008, but<br>
restricted to Thailand and more accurate, then I can see that they don't<br>
feel the need to name/publish a vertical CRS. It would just be a<br>
locally-more-accurate transformation.<br>
<br>
<br>
So the question is what TGM2017 is defined to be, both the geodetic<br>
datum for the HAE input, and the output vertical.<br>
<br>
When you say "why a vertical CRS is needed", do you count "meters above<br>
the W_0 surface" as a CRS? If so, is this EPGS:3855?<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
Separately, the idea that Thailand has no national vertical datum,<br>
especially from before GNSS, is hard to believe. There could be a<br>
regional datum for a few countries that is in EPSG but I'd expect your<br>
search tool to turn that up.<br>
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</blockquote></div>