[QGIS Commit] r15863 - docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide
svn_qgis at osgeo.org
svn_qgis at osgeo.org
Fri May 6 23:13:16 EDT 2011
Author: wbprime
Date: 2011-05-06 20:13:16 -0700 (Fri, 06 May 2011)
New Revision: 15863
Modified:
docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide/introduction.tex
docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide/qgis_style.sty
docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide/user_guide.tex
Log:
Change qgis-style.sty and remove CJKaddspaces option in xeCJk macro and finish introduction.tex's translation
Modified: docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide/introduction.tex
===================================================================
--- docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide/introduction.tex 2011-05-04 10:58:18 UTC (rev 15862)
+++ docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide/introduction.tex 2011-05-07 03:13:16 UTC (rev 15863)
@@ -1,138 +1,59 @@
% !TeX root = user_guide.tex
\pagestyle{scrheadings}
-\chapter{Introduction To GIS}\label{label_intro}
+\chapter{GIS概述}\label{label_intro}
% when the revision of a section has been finalized,
% comment out the following line:
%\updatedisclaimer
-A Geographical Information System (GIS) (\cite{mitchel05}\footnote{This chapter is by Tyler
-Mitchell (\url{http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/wlg/7053}) and
-used under the Creative Commons License. Tyler is the author of
-\textit{Web Mapping Illustrated}, published by O'Reilly, 2005.})
-is a collection of software that allows you to create, visualize, query and
-analyze geospatial data. Geospatial data refers to information about the
-geographic location of an entity. This often involves the use of a
-geographic coordinate, like a latitude or longitude value. Spatial data is
-another commonly used term, as are: geographic data, GIS data, map data,
-location data, coordinate data and spatial geometry data.
+地理信息系统（GIS）(\cite{mitchel05}\footnote{本章由Tyler
+Mitchell创作(\url{http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/wlg/7053})并可以在通用创新许可（Creative Common Licenses）下使用。Tyler编著过 \textit{Web Mapping Illustrated}, O'Reilly出版社出版, 2005.})是一个软件的集合，它允许用户创建，显示，查询及分析地理空间数据。地理空间数据是指关于一个实体的地理位置的信息。这往往涉及到地理坐标的使用，如经度、纬度值。空间数据是另一种常用术语，如地理数据、GIS数据、地图数据、位置数据、坐标数据和空间几何数据。
-Applications using geospatial data perform a variety of functions. Map
-production is the most easily understood function of geospatial
-applications. Mapping programs take geospatial data and render it in a form
-that is viewable, usually on a computer screen or printed page.
-Applications can present static maps (a simple image) or dynamic maps that
-are customised by the person viewing the map through a desktop program or a
-web page.
+地理空间数据的应用程序可执行很多功能。地图制作是最容易理解的地理空间应用程序的功能。制图程序接受地理空间数据并且以可视化的形式将其渲染，通常是在计算机屏幕或者是打印页面上。应用程序可以呈现静态的地图（一个简单的图像）或者动态的地图（通过查看一个桌面程序或者网页地图制作而成）。
-Many people mistakenly assume that geospatial applications just produce
-maps, but geospatial data analysis is another primary function of
-geospatial applications. Some typical types of analysis include computing:
+很多人误认为地理空间应用程序仅仅是制作地图，但是其另一个主要功能是空间数据分析。一些典型的分析类型包括：
\begin{enumerate}
-\item distances between geographic locations
-\item the amount of area (e.g., square meters) within a certain geographic
-region
-\item what geographic features overlap other features
-\item the amount of overlap between features
-\item the number of locations within a certain distance of another
-\item and so on...
+\item 地理位置间的距离计算
+\item 特定地理区域内的面积量算
+\item 地理图元的叠置状态识别
+\item 地理图元间的叠置分析
+\item 某地理实体周围一定范围内的实体数量计算
+\item 其他。。。
\end{enumerate}
-These may seem simplistic, but can be applied in all sorts of ways across
-many disciplines. The results of analysis may be shown on a map, but are
-often tabulated into a report to support management decisions.
+这些看似简单，但是可以通过不同的方法在众多学科领域得到应用。分析的结果可显示在地图上，但是在支持管理决策的报告中往往以表格的形式呈现。
+
+移动定位服务开始承诺引进其他各种服务，但是大部分将基于地图和分析相结合。例如，您有一部手机可以追踪您的地理位置。如果您有适当的软件，您的手机就可以告诉您在步行距离内有什么样的餐厅。虽然这是一项新的地理空间技术应用，但其本质是进行地理空间数据分析并为用户列出结果。
-The recent phenomena of location-based services promises to introduce all
-sorts of other features, but many will be based on a combination of maps
-and analysis. For example, you have a cell phone that tracks your
-geographic location. If you have the right software, your phone can tell
-you what kind of restaurants are within walking distance. While this is a
-novel application of geospatial technology, it is essentially doing
-geospatial data analysis and listing the results for you.
+\section{为何出现这么多新特性？}\label{label_whynew}
-\section{Why is all this so new?}\label{label_whynew}
+其实事实并非如此。有许多新的硬件设备使移动地理信息服务成为可能。许多开源的地理空间应用程序也是可以使用的，但是已存在的集中的地理空间硬件和软件并没有什么更新之处。全球定位系统（GPS）接收器正变得司空见惯，但是已经被应用于各个行业超过十年。同样的，桌面制图和分析工具也已经成为一个主要的商业市场，主要集中在工业领域比如自然资源管理。
+
+其更新之处在于最新的硬件和软件怎样被应用和由谁应用。制图和分析工具的传统使用者是训练有素的GIS分析员或者是使用类似CAD工具进行数学绘图的技术人员。现如今，家用电脑和开源软件（OSS）包的处理能力已经可以使业余爱好者，专业人士以及web开发人员等成为一个与地理空间数据进行交互的团队。学习曲线有所回落，成本下降，地理空间技术的饱和量有所增加。
+
+如何保存地理空间数据？简单的说，现今在地理空间应用程序中除了传统的列表数据外还有有两种数据格式被广泛使用。
-Well, it's not. There are many new hardware devices that are enabling
-mobile geospatial services. Many open source geospatial applications are
-also available, but the existence of geospatially focused hardware and
-software is nothing new. Global positioning system (GPS) receivers are
-becoming commonplace, but have been used in various industries for more
-than a decade. Likewise, desktop mapping and analysis tools have also been
-a major commercial market, primarily focused on industries such as natural
-resource management.
+\subsection{栅格数据}\label{label_rasterdata}
-What is new is how the latest hardware and software is being applied and
-who is applying it. Traditional users of mapping and analysis tools were
-highly trained GIS Analysts or digital mapping technicians trained to use
-CAD-like tools. Now, the processing capabilities of home PCs and open
-source software (OSS) packages have enabled an army of hobbyists, professionals,
-web developers, etc. to interact with geospatial data. The learning curve
-has come down. The costs have come down. The amount of geospatial
-technology saturation has increased.
+地理空间数据格式类型之一是栅格数据或者简称“栅格”。最易识别的栅格数据格式是数字卫星影像和航空照片。高程阴影或者高程数字模型也是典型的栅格数据。任何类型的地图特征都可以用栅格数据表示，但是有局限性。
+
+栅格数据是由单元格构成的规则网格或者由像素构成的影像，具有固定的行和列。每个单元格都有一个数值和确定的地理面积（例如30*30米）。
-How is geospatial data stored? In a nutshell, there are two types of
-geospatial data in widespread use today. This is in addition to
-traditional tabular data that is also widely used by geospatial
-applications.
+多个重叠的栅格图像是用来表示超过一个颜色值的图像（也就是说，不同红色、绿色和蓝色值的栅格图层合成之后可以生成一幅彩色图像）。卫星影像也是由多重“波段”合成的数据。每个波段基本上是一个独立的空间重叠的栅格，其中每个波段都拥有特定的光波长。正如你能想像到的，一个大型栅格数据占用更多的文件空间。一个具有较小单元格的栅格数据可以提供更多的细节，但是需要更多的文件空间。诀窍在于找到一个适当的平衡使单元格的大小既易存储又能保证分析和制图。
-\subsection{Raster Data}\label{label_rasterdata}
+\subsection{矢量数据}\label{label_vectordata}
-One type of geospatial data is called raster data or simply "a raster". The
-most easily recognised form of raster data is digital satellite imagery or
-air photos. Elevation shading or digital elevation models are also
-typically represented as raster data. Any type of map feature can be
-represented as raster data, but there are limitations.
+矢量数据也被应用于地理空间的应用程序。如果你能理解三角学和坐标几何类就已经了解了一些矢量数据的特性。简单的理解就是矢量是通过坐标集合来描述位置的一种方式。每一个坐标是指用X-Y坐标系表示的地理位置。
+
+这可以被认为是一个直角平面——即你在学校中学到的用X轴和Y轴显示的图表。你可能已经用它们绘制过退休储蓄下降表或者复合抵押贷款利息上升表，但其概念是地理空间数据分析和制图的基础。
+
+目的不同刚表示地理坐标的方法就不同。地图投影是一个需要专门去学习的领域。
-A raster is a regular grid made up of cells, or in the case of imagery,
-pixels. They have a fixed number of rows and columns. Each cell has a
-numeric value and has a certain geographic size (e.g. 30x30 meters in
-size).
+矢量数据有三种表现形式，每一种都是建立在前一种的基础之上并且更加复杂。
-Multiple overlapping rasters are used to represent images using more than
-one colour value (i.e. one raster for each set of red, green and blue
-values is combined to create a colour image). Satellite imagery also
-represents data in multiple "bands". Each band is essentially a separate,
-spatially overlapping raster, where each band holds values of certain
-wavelengths of light. As you can imagine, a large raster takes up more file
-space. A raster with smaller cells can provide more detail, but takes up
-more file space. The trick is finding the right balance between cell size
-for storage purposes and cell size for analytical or mapping purposes.
-
-\subsection{Vector Data}\label{label_vectordata}
-
-Vector data is also used in geospatial applications. If you stayed awake
-during trigonometry and coordinate geometry classes, you will already be
-familiar with some of the qualities of vector data. In its simplest sense,
-vectors are a way of describing a location by using a set of coordinates.
-Each coordinate refers to a geographic location using a system of x and y
-values.
-
-This can be thought of in reference to a Cartesian plane - you know, the
-diagrams from school that showed an x and y-axis. You might have used them
-to chart declining retirement savings or increasing compound mortgage
-interest, but the concepts are essential to geospatial data analysis and
-mapping.
-
-There are various ways of representing these geographic coordinates
-depending on your purpose. This is a whole area of study for another day -
-map projections.
-
-Vector data takes on three forms, each progressively more complex and
-building on the former.
-
\begin{enumerate}
-\item Points - A single coordinate (x y) represents a discrete geographic
-location
-\item Lines - Multiple coordinates (x1 y1, x2 y2, x3 y4, ... xn yn) strung
-together in a certain order, like drawing a line from Point (x1 y1) to
-Point (x2 y2) and so on. These parts between each point are considered line
-segments. They have a length and the line can be said to have a direction
-based on the order of the points. Technically, a line is a single pair of
-coordinates connected together, whereas a line string is multiple lines
-connected together.
-\item Polygons - When lines are strung together by more
-than two points, with the last point being at the same location as the
-first, we call this a polygon. A triangle, circle, rectangle, etc. are all
-polygons. The key feature of polygons is that there is a fixed area within them.
+\item 点 —— 一个代表离散的地理位置的坐标对（X，Y）
+\item 线 —— 由特定顺序的多个坐标对（（X1，Y1），（X2，Y2），（X3，Y3）。。。（Xn，Yn））组成的坐标串，正如一直从（X1，Y1）、（X2，Y2）到（Xn，Yn）画一条直线。各点间的部分称为线段。线段可以有长度，并且依赖于各点的顺序可以定义其方向。 严格来讲，线是指两个点相连形成的部分，而折线是联系在一起的多条线的合称。
+\item 多边形 —— 当线由多余两个的点组成，而且最后一个点与第一个点重合时，我们将对象称为多边形。三角形、圆形、矩形等都是多边形。多边形的关键在于其有固定的面积。
\end{enumerate}
Modified: docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide/qgis_style.sty
===================================================================
--- docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide/qgis_style.sty 2011-05-04 10:58:18 UTC (rev 15862)
+++ docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide/qgis_style.sty 2011-05-07 03:13:16 UTC (rev 15863)
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
%%% when the revision of a section has been finalized,
%%% comment out the following line:
%%% \updatedisclaimer
-\newcommand{\updatedisclaimer}{\textcolor{red}{警告: 本部分用户指南暂时还没有更新到Quantum GIS v\CURRENT 请读者自己注意}}
+\newcommand{\updatedisclaimer}{\textcolor{red}{警告: 本部分用户指北暂时还没有更新到Quantum GIS v\CURRENT 请读者自己注意}}
%%% syllable division for better line breaks within commands
\sloppy
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
\ihead[]{}
\chead[]{}
\ohead{\headmark}
-\ifoot[]{\vspace{-10pt} \qg \CURRENT 用户指南} % Change the string to localize it
+\ifoot[]{\vspace{-10pt} \qg \CURRENT 用户指北} % Change the string to localize it
\cfoot[]{}
\ofoot[\pagemark]{\vspace{-10pt}\pagemark}
\setheadsepline{1pt}
@@ -155,7 +155,8 @@
% used to get better list in french
%\frenchbsetup{StandardLists=true}
%\defaultfontfeatures{Mapping=tex-text}
-\usepackage[boldfont,slantfont,CJKnumber,CJKaddspaces]{xeCJK}
+%\usepackage[boldfont,slantfont,CJKnumber,CJKaddspaces]{xeCJK}
+\usepackage[boldfont,slantfont,CJKnumber]{xeCJK}
\punctstyle{kaiming}
\setCJKmainfont[BoldFont={Adobe Heiti Std},ItalicFont={Adobe Kaiti Std}]{Adobe Song Std}
Modified: docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide/user_guide.tex
===================================================================
--- docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide/user_guide.tex 2011-05-04 10:58:18 UTC (rev 15862)
+++ docs/branches/1.6.0/chinese/user_guide/user_guide.tex 2011-05-07 03:13:16 UTC (rev 15863)
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
% load the style file
\usepackage{qgis_style}
-
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{scrheadings}
\input{title}
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