<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></head><body dir="auto"><div dir="auto">Hi Loke</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Richard suggested using a NDVI approach which would require data in the Near Infrared (NIR) band. An orthomisaic would contain 3 colour bands, but not the NIR. NDVI provides an understanding of plant greenness and health and may not be suitable for detecting oil palm's. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">If you are getting 90 percent plus with your current approach , you may find that you will spend 4 times longer capturing the additional 10 percent. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">NIR data,are available from various satellite sensors however, their resolution would not work at the individual plant level.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Some drone sensors record the NIR band.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Kirk Schmidt</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"> </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto" id="composer_signature"><div dir="auto" style="font-size:12px;color:#575757">Sent from my Galaxy</div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div><br></div><div dir="auto" style="font-size:100%;color:#000000"></div><div style="font-size:100%;color:#000000" dir="auto" align="left"><div>-------- Original message --------</div><div>From: Loke Jian Munn <jm.loke@klk.com.my> </div><div>Date: 2023-06-06 6:18 a.m. (GMT-04:00) </div><div>To: Richard McDonnell <richard.mcdonnell@opw.ie>, kirk <kirk@nortekresources.com>, qgis-user@lists.osgeo.org </div><div>Cc: Moke Kwai Cheong <kc.moke@klk.com.my>, Cheong Chee Phang <cp.cheong@klk.com.my>, Leong Kah Choon <kc.leong@klk.com.my>, Mulwanto <mulwanto@klk.co.id>, Endang Sudita Prayoga <endang.sp@klk.co.id>, M Rizki Ramdani <rizki.r@klk.co.id>, Fira Yunita <fira.y@klk.co.id>, Qurata Ayun Wijanarko <qurata.aw@klk.co.id> </div><div>Subject: RE: [Qgis-user] Palm Counting using QGIS </div><div><br></div></div>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Hi Kirk & Richard,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Thanks for the great inputs and we have a clearer direction now.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Just to have a quick check with you, can the Imagery be Orthomosaic map ?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Thank you.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Best Regards,</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#005826;letter-spacing:-.3pt;mso-ligatures:standardcontextual;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW">Loke Jian Munn</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"MS PGothic",sans-serif;mso-ligatures:standardcontextual;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#585858;mso-ligatures:standardcontextual;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW">Information Technology (IT) Department</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"MS PGothic",sans-serif;mso-ligatures:standardcontextual;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#585858;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW"><img name="com_samsung_android_email_attachmentprovider_1_1025_RAW_1686043885992" width="173" height="73" style="width:1.802in;height:.7604in" id="Picture_x0020_5" src="cid:com_samsung_android_email_attachmentprovider_1_1025_RAW_1686043885992" onmouseover="imageMousePointerUpdate(true)" onmouseout="imageMousePointerUpdate(false)"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"MS PGothic",sans-serif;mso-ligatures:standardcontextual;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW"></span></p>
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</span></b><span style="font-size:9.5pt;line-height:95%;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#585858;letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ligatures:standardcontextual;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW">+605 240 8000 (ext. 2443)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"MS PGothic",sans-serif;mso-ligatures:standardcontextual;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:4.0pt;line-height:85%"><a href="https://clicktime.symantec.com/15tpDKjABDCCmu4drBEZD?h=4-LzQeEUOcKmp7sCwswGafke694l_dZCDQJ4Rb8N8bc=&u=http://www.klk.com.my/"><span style="font-size:9.5pt;line-height:85%;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#585858;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW;text-decoration:none"><img name="com_samsung_android_email_attachmentprovider_1_1026_RAW_1686043885992" border="0" width="101" height="13" style="width:1.052in;height:.1354in" id="Picture_x0020_6" src="cid:com_samsung_android_email_attachmentprovider_1_1026_RAW_1686043885992" alt="A close up of a sign
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Richard McDonnell <richard.mcdonnell@opw.ie>
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, 1 June, 2023 10:55 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> kirk <kirk@nortekresources.com>; Loke Jian Munn <jm.loke@klk.com.my>; qgis-user@lists.osgeo.org<br>
<b>Cc:</b> Moke Kwai Cheong <kc.moke@klk.com.my>; Cheong Chee Phang <cp.cheong@klk.com.my>; Leong Kah Choon <kc.leong@klk.com.my>; Mulwanto <mulwanto@klk.co.id>; Endang Sudita Prayoga <endang.sp@klk.co.id>; M Rizki Ramdani <rizki.r@klk.co.id>; Fira Yunita <fira.y@klk.co.id>;
Qurata Ayun Wijanarko <qurata.aw@klk.co.id><br>
<b>Subject:</b> RE: [Qgis-user] Palm Counting using QGIS</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Hi Loke,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Just to add to Kirk’s comments, have you considered using Imagery along with the DSM? More specifically a NDVI of the
plantation.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">You will need to determine the signature range for Palm Tree Leaves, but where you have both a Palm tree Signature and
your Local Minima/Maxima it could improve your detection.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Kind Regards,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Richard
</span></p>
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——</span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#004D44"><br>
<b>Richard McDonnell MSc GIS, FME Certified Professional</b><br>
<i>FRM Data Management</i><br>
<br>
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——</span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#004D44"><br>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> QGIS-User <<a href="mailto:qgis-user-bounces@lists.osgeo.org">qgis-user-bounces@lists.osgeo.org</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>kirk via QGIS-User<br>
<b>Sent:</b> 01 June 2023 10:58<br>
<b>To:</b> Loke Jian Munn <<a href="mailto:jm.loke@klk.com.my">jm.loke@klk.com.my</a>>;
<a href="mailto:qgis-user@lists.osgeo.org">qgis-user@lists.osgeo.org</a><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Moke Kwai Cheong <<a href="mailto:kc.moke@klk.com.my">kc.moke@klk.com.my</a>>; Cheong Chee Phang <<a href="mailto:cp.cheong@klk.com.my">cp.cheong@klk.com.my</a>>; Leong Kah Choon <<a href="mailto:kc.leong@klk.com.my">kc.leong@klk.com.my</a>>; Mulwanto
<<a href="mailto:mulwanto@klk.co.id">mulwanto@klk.co.id</a>>; Endang Sudita Prayoga <<a href="mailto:endang.sp@klk.co.id">endang.sp@klk.co.id</a>>; M Rizki Ramdani <<a href="mailto:rizki.r@klk.co.id">rizki.r@klk.co.id</a>>; Fira Yunita <<a href="mailto:fira.y@klk.co.id">fira.y@klk.co.id</a>>;
Qurata Ayun Wijanarko <<a href="mailto:qurata.aw@klk.co.id">qurata.aw@klk.co.id</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Qgis-user] Palm Counting using QGIS</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE">Hi Loke.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE">A couple of comments. </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE">1) The 95 % success rate is very good. If you were to have a close look at the missed trees you may realize that the highest point on a particular palm tree is lower than the neighboring tree or palm frond. What ever
algorithm you use, you are limited by the physical data, accuracy and resolution being the key factors. The physical condition of the trees you are trying to identify also plays a role,as mentioned previously. A DSM is an approximation as it is derived from
some form of point data, either lidar or photo based and then generated by extracting the maximum, 95th percentile, maximum or perhaps the average height if all the points that land in a cell. </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE">Your issue is a limitation of the data and the basic logic of a max/minima algorithm. It cannot detect what is not reflected in the data. You can interpret the colour imagery but have a look at the dsm at the missed
maxima.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE">You could try developing a routine by processing the,raw point cloud data or try generating a dsm yourself. </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE">You can also try changing the algorithm parameters. Perhaps in areas if missed maxima. Although, this may not be effective as the maxima you are looking for probably is not reflected the dem.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE">2) Plug-ins,are created by third parties and not by the Qgis team directly. You can reach out to the author and discuss with him/her. </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE">Kirk Schmidt</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="font-size:9.0pt;color:#575757">Sent from my Galaxy</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="color:black">-------- Original message --------</span></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="color:black">From: Loke Jian Munn via QGIS-User <</span><span lang="EN-IE"><a href="mailto:qgis-user@lists.osgeo.org">qgis-user@lists.osgeo.org</a><span style="color:black">>
</span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="color:black">Date: 2023-06-01 6:28 a.m. (GMT-04:00)
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="color:black">To: </span><span lang="EN-IE"><a href="mailto:qgis-user@lists.osgeo.org">qgis-user@lists.osgeo.org</a><span style="color:black">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="color:black">Cc: Moke Kwai Cheong <</span><span lang="EN-IE"><a href="mailto:kc.moke@klk.com.my">kc.moke@klk.com.my</a><span style="color:black">>, Cheong Chee Phang <</span><a href="mailto:cp.cheong@klk.com.my">cp.cheong@klk.com.my</a><span style="color:black">>,
Leong Kah Choon <</span><a href="mailto:kc.leong@klk.com.my">kc.leong@klk.com.my</a><span style="color:black">>, Mulwanto <</span><a href="mailto:mulwanto@klk.co.id">mulwanto@klk.co.id</a><span style="color:black">>, Endang Sudita Prayoga <</span><a href="mailto:endang.sp@klk.co.id">endang.sp@klk.co.id</a><span style="color:black">>,
M Rizki Ramdani <</span><a href="mailto:rizki.r@klk.co.id">rizki.r@klk.co.id</a><span style="color:black">>, Fira Yunita <</span><a href="mailto:fira.y@klk.co.id">fira.y@klk.co.id</a><span style="color:black">>, Qurata Ayun Wijanarko <</span><a href="mailto:qurata.aw@klk.co.id">qurata.aw@klk.co.id</a><span style="color:black">>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="color:black">Subject: [Qgis-user] Palm Counting using QGIS
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IE" style="color:black"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE">Hi Team,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE">We have been using QGIS to do Palm Counting.
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE">Palm Counting here mean oil palm, we use QGIS processing tool, Features-Raster Tools (Local Minima and Maxima) to do the counting on a DSM layer.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE">Example as below:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE" style="font-family:"MS PGothic",sans-serif"><img border="0" width="770" height="411" style="width:8.0208in;height:4.2812in" id="Picture_x0020_43" src="cid:image005.jpg@01D9989A.CD6C1B60" onmouseover="imageMousePointerUpdate(true)" onmouseout="imageMousePointerUpdate(false)"></span><span lang="EN-IE"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE">Based on our industrial experiences, the accuracy of the Local Maxima algorithm is approximately 90%-95%. However, we still need to do toggle editing such as
we utilize the “ Add Point Feature “ function when there are points missed, the “Vertex Tool” is used to adjust the position of points and the “Select Feature” for removal of any unnecessary points.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE">We would like to have an improvement plan on the accuracy for
<b><span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow">more than</span></b> 95% to reduce the extra manual works ( toggle edit ).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE">Appreciate if the team could share with us any latest QGIS palm count plugin or any other solutions to achieve the accuracy more than 95% when doing palm count.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE">Your input is highly appreciated. Thank you.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-IE">Regards,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span lang="EN-IE" style="color:#005826;letter-spacing:-.3pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW">Loke Jian Munn</span></b><span lang="EN-IE"></span></p>
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