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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Dear Manuele,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">For ctypes in pygrass, the C-libraries need to be loaded explicitly.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">You could have a look here:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><a href="https://github.com/zarch/grass-session/blob/6097f834be20ee0d703deb2af90f22d6dc66f368/grass_session/session.py#L332">https://github.com/zarch/grass-session/blob/6097f834be20ee0d703deb2af90f22d6dc66f368/grass_session/session.py#L332</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">to see how it can be done, or just use the grass_session python library (pip install grass-session) for convenience…<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Cheers<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Stefan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US"> grass-user <grass-user-bounces@lists.osgeo.org>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Manuele Pesenti<br>
<b>Sent:</b> fredag 20. august 2021 16:40<br>
<b>To:</b> grass-user <grass-user@lists.osgeo.org><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [GRASS-user] Error import from grass.pygrass.vector library<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">Dear All,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">I'm moving my first steps on the development of a python script that uses Grass, but I cannot import from the grass.pygrass.vector library.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">I work on a Ubuntu/Linux environment and I've installed grass using apt, this is the test script I'm currently running:
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC"># -*- coding: utf-8 -*-</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC">import os, sys</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC">GISBASE = '/usr/lib/grass78'</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC">GRASSBIN = '/usr/bin/grass78'</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC"># Define GRASS-Python environment</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC">os.environ['GISBASE'] = GISBASE</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC">os.environ['GRASSBIN'] = GRASSBIN</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC">sys.path.append(os.path.join(GISBASE, "etc", "python"))</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC">from grass_session import Session</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC">import grass.script as gs</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC">print(f"LD_LIBRARY_PATH: {os.environ['LD_LIBRARY_PATH']}")</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC">print(f"GRASSBIN: {os.environ['GRASSBIN']}")</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC">from grass.pygrass.vector import Vector</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#CCCCCC">print('DONE!')</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">and this is the output:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"">$ python import_test.py
</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"">LD_LIBRARY_PATH: /usr/lib/grass78/lib</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"">GRASSBIN: /usr/bin/grass78</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"">Traceback (most recent call last):</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> File "/usr/lib/grass78/etc/python/grass/lib/ctypes_loader.py", line 76, in load</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> return ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary(path)</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> File "/usr/lib/python3.9/ctypes/__init__.py", line 452, in LoadLibrary</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> return self._dlltype(name)</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> File "/usr/lib/python3.9/ctypes/__init__.py", line 374, in __init__</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"">OSError: libgrass_datetime.7.8.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"">During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"">Traceback (most recent call last):</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> File "/home/manuele/Lavoro/ETS/ETSCore/scripts/import_test.py", line 21, in <module></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> from grass.pygrass.vector import Vector</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> File "/usr/lib/grass78/etc/python/grass/pygrass/vector/__init__.py", line 5, in <module></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> import grass.lib.gis as libgis</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> File "/usr/lib/grass78/etc/python/grass/lib/gis.py", line 23, in <module></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> _libs["grass_gis.7.8"] = load_library("grass_gis.7.8")</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> File "/usr/lib/grass78/etc/python/grass/lib/ctypes_loader.py", line 62, in load_library</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> return self.load(path)</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> File "/usr/lib/grass78/etc/python/grass/lib/ctypes_loader.py", line 78, in load</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="font"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""> raise ImportError(e)</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="highlight"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;background:#FFCC99">ImportError: libgrass_datetime.7.8.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">Thank you very mutch for any help<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">Cheers<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"> Manuele<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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