[postgis-users] TopologyException: geom is invalid

Sat Feb 28 13:02:47 PST 2015

Roxanne:  Thanks for the help!  I was able to find a solution, but knowing it was the ST_Area piece giving me the problem was a great help.I'll play around with the suggestions you offered, too.
( Yes, free Beer, Tucson.   :)
Cheers..Joseph Spenner
 If life gives you lemons, keep them-- because hey.. free lemons.

"~heart~ Sticker"  fixer:  http://microflush.org/stuff/stickers/heartFix.html

      From: Roxanne Reid-Bennett <rox at tara-lu.com>
 To: postgis-users at lists.osgeo.org 
 Sent: Thursday, February 26, 2015 2:51 PM
 Subject: Re: [postgis-users] TopologyException: geom is invalid

 On 2/26/2015 4:08 PM, Joseph Spenner wrote:

  Roxanne:   I think you're on to something here.  I just did more tests, and found the following: 
  This command fails with the error: 
  select ST_Asgeojson( geom ) from dynamic.polys where ST_Intersects(ST_GeomFromGeoJSON('$jsonPoly'), geom)=TRUE and ST_Area(ST_Intersection(ST_GeomFromGeoJSON('$jsonPoly')::geography, geom::geography))>500 
    == ERROR==
  DBD::Pg::st execute failed: ERROR:  Error performing intersection: TopologyException: Input geom 0 is invalid: Self-intersection at or near point 1543100.5176146738 389360.239110158 at  1543100.5176146738 389360.239110158 at ./foo.pl line 50.
 DBD::Pg::st execute failed: ERROR:  Error performing intersection: TopologyException: Input geom 0 is invalid: Self-intersection at or near point 1543100.5176146738 389360.239110158 at 1543100.5176146738 389360.239110158 at ./foo.pl line 50.
    == /ERROR== 

  But this command succeeds, no error: 
   select ST_Asgeojson( geom ) from dynamic.polys where ST_Intersects(ST_GeomFromGeoJSON('$jsonPoly'), geom)=TRUE 

  The only thing different is the extra AND:       ST_Area(ST_Intersection(ST_GeomFromGeoJSON('$jsonPoly')::geography, geom::geography))>500    
  The reason I did this was to prevent false positives for geoms which were simply tangent, or "touching". For example, if I searched for MN, and there was poly/county on the northern IA border, it would be returned.   
 I haven't played with geography much as a data type, ymmv

 Try casting the St_Intersection back to geometry and do an ST_IsValidReason (and ST_GeometryType) on ST_Intersection(ST_GeomFromGeoJSON('$jsonPoly')::geography, geom::geography)

 or change the order on the cast to (**with correct SRIDs):
 ST_Intersection(ST_GeomFromGeoJSON('$jsonPoly'), geom)::geography

 and see what it says.  You may be able to test for a non-polygon (ST_Area of a (multi)linestring or (multi)point makes no sense) and/or add ST_MakeValid around it.  [not saying that is the problem - it just might be tho]

  Looks like I need to find a better way to deal with the geoms that just touch with a single point or line in common.   

 Not necessarily - just a more robust way of testing edge use cases.

 and/or maybe...
 is not ST_Touches (for boundary only intersections) 
 and is { ST_Crosses (some but not all interior points in common) or ST_Contains(one is wholly contained in the other)  }
 and then test ST_Area... essentially filtering out the edge cases before Area is taken.

 and again - the specific fix is dependent upon the specific cause.  

  Any idea on a better way to handle this? 
  Thanks for your help!   I owe you a beer.    :)

 mmm beer

      From: Roxanne Reid-Bennett <rox at tara-lu.com>
 To: postgis-users at lists.osgeo.org 
 Sent: Thursday, February 26, 2015 1:16 PM
 Subject: Re: [postgis-users] TopologyException: geom is invalid

   On 2/26/2015 1:40 PM, Joseph Spenner wrote:

  I ran the following against all 4 of my GeoJSON files: 
  SELECT ST_IsSimple(ST_GeomFromGeoJSON('@poly')) SELECT ST_IsValid(ST_GeomFromGeoJSON('@poly')) SELECT ST_IsValidDetail(ST_GeomFromGeoJSON('@poly')) SELECT ST_IsValidReason(ST_GeomFromGeoJSON('@poly')) 
  where @poly contained each one of the following:  
    http://microflush.org/stuff/json/MN.json    http://microflush.org/stuff/json/mnz091.json   
  http://microflush.org/stuff/json/CA.json http://microflush.org/stuff/json/nwsZone.json 

  The select returned no error.  I tried to vary the input slightly to make sure I was using the proper syntax, and was able to get errors-- such as: 
  DBD::Pg::st execute failed: ERROR:  geometry contains non-closed rings

  So, it would seem my geoms are ok. 
  I've not yet tried the "ST_MakeValid".   But wouldn't the above indicate they're already valid?    

 Yes ST_IsValid coming back true means that the geometry is "valid".  (Topology Exceptions are most often thrown during operations on invalid geometries - so this test is the first that should be done when one  occurs...  in almost all cases)

 In my (limited) experience - just because 2 geometries are valid, doesn't mean that operations on them won't generate issues. 

 Is it the cast to Geography, ST_Intersection or the ST_Area on the ST_Intersection that is throwing the error?
 My guess is going to be the ST_Area on the results of the ST_Intersection.

 So, is the result of the ST_Intersection of the two geographies valid?

 Have you perhaps looked at all the involved geometries (since you are down to 4) at the point identified by the original Topo  error  in order to understand exactly what in the makeup of those geometries makes the error remotely possible within the operation you  are performing on them?  

 ST_MakeValid and ST_Buffer adjust the geometry in (frequently insignificant) ways that help operations avoid Topos.  But what adjustment is likely to avoid the error when using the related valid geometries is dependent upon the real cause for the error - and that is specific to the geometries at the point identified in the error.  Whether those manipulations can validly be applied is dependent upon your business use tolerance for those adjustments.  (buffering a polygon by 0.00001 will skew calculated area of a polygon but may not result in false positives for an Intersects).

 Roxanne

  Thanks! 

      From: Joseph Spenner <joseph85750 at yahoo.com>
 To: PostGIS Users Discussion <postgis-users at lists.osgeo.org> 
 Sent: Thursday, February 26, 2015 8:05 AM
 Subject: Re: [postgis-users] TopologyException: geom is invalid

    Hello, and thanks for the replies! I'll try those suggestions. 
  Just curiuos though-- which geometry seems to be invalid?  Is it the state poly, or the smaller county/zone poly?  If there was an invalid geometry, wouldn't it always show up for that state or county?  Here's what I observed for the CA issue: 
  1) I had 3 smaller county poly/geometries in CA.  When performing my query, instead of returning the 3 polys, I received  the error which I posted in my original thread.  I identified it was 1 of those 3.  I deleted that 1 offending geometry from my table.  After doing so, my query against CA turned up the remaining 2, with no  errors.  So, that leads me to believe CA is ok.  Or is this not a valid assumption?   Perhaps the location where that offending intersection would have occurred in  the CA poly has an issue, and it doesn't get tickled unless the smaller county zone intersects it? 
  2) I was able to plot the offending county described above in the GeoJSONLint validation page:   http://geojsonlint.com/   There didn't appear to be any issues. 
  Thanks! 
  Regards, Joseph Spenner

        From: Rémi Cura <remi.cura at gmail.com>
 To: PostGIS Users Discussion <postgis-users at lists.osgeo.org> 
 Cc: Joseph Spenner <joseph85750 at yahoo.com> 
 Sent: Thursday, February 26, 2015 1:28 AM
 Subject: Re: [postgis-users] TopologyException: geom is invalid

     And also ST_IsSimple (that precisely check for  self intersection).
  Cheers,
  Rémi-C

 2015-02-26 8:32 GMT+01:00 BladeOfLight16 <bladeoflight16 at gmail.com>:

     On Wed, Feb 25, 2015 at 12:14 PM, Joseph Spenner  <joseph85750 at yahoo.com> wrote:

  DBD::Pg::st execute failed:  ERROR:  Error performing intersection:  TopologyException: Input geom 1 is invalid: Self-intersection at or near  point -381688.06935935974 -1206669.4272876547 at -381688.06935935974  -1206669.4272876547 at ./test.pl line 151.

  Did you try ST_IsValid to verify the  geometry is valid according to  the OGC standard? (See  http://postgis.net/docs/using_postgis_dbmanagement.html#OGC_Validity. ST_IsValidDetail and  ST_IsValidReason are also helpful in  this regard.) What happens  if you run it through ST_MakeValid?  Be aware that ST_MakeValid  can sometimes result in GeometryCollections  if the input shape is malformed (usually "rings"  without enough points are that have  different start and end  points).

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