[Proj] proj4 string for perfect sphere

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"Fischer, Robert P. (GISS-6110)[COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY]" [robert.p.fischer-1 at nasa.gov] kirjoitti: 
> Although the theory for all this is probably sitting in a geometry book somewhere..

I find this web site very informative for a beginner:

http://aa.quae.nl/en/index.html

this shows all the most basic calculations with examples

regards: Janne.