[gdal-dev] Crash in GEOS iterating through the layers in a PBF-file loaded with the MVT driver in GDAL 3.12.4#2

Tue Jun 9 03:11:26 PDT 2026

Hello Roman,

Unfortunately, I haven't been able to reproduce the problem either locally
or on the GDAL CI builders. As the stack trace indicates a failure in the
GEOS library, I would suggest updating to the latest version of that
library and posting your issue to the bug tracker of that project [1] if
the problem persists.

Dan

[1] https://github.com/libgeos/geos/issues

On Mon, Jun 8, 2026 at 8:21 AM Daniel Baston <dbaston at gmail.com> wrote:

> Hello Roman,
>
> Could you please share your input file, either in a GitHub issue or to me
> by email? I don't recall a recent bug like this, so you may have found a
> new issue.
>
> Thanks,
> Dan
>
> On Mon, Jun 8, 2026 at 7:17 AM Roman Plöhn via gdal-dev <
> gdal-dev at lists.osgeo.org> wrote:
>
>> Hello,
>>
>> in our company we since many years use GDAL (for building C++ software
>> for Windows only) from VCPKG.
>>
>> The GDAL version used in the most recent VCPKG is 3.12.4#2, in which I
>> encounter a reproducable crash in RELEASE builds when opening a file
>> downloaded from a Map-Tiles server, as soon as I iterate through its layers.
>>
>> My main question about this problem is if this problem is already fixed
>> in a more recent GDAL version ... if so I could send the VCPKG-maintainers
>> a feature request to ask them to update the GDAL package in there to a
>> version, where it doesn't crash anymore.
>>
>> Below is a description of the problem. If needed I can send the file in
>> question.
>>
>> For us this is a serioes issue, because it hinders us from using a recent
>> version of VCPKG at all (we even use the dependend lib mapnik, which needs
>> GDAL).
>>
>> I really hope someone can help me ...
>>
>> Best regards,
>>
>> have a nice day,
>>
>> Roman
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> The function I use to reproduce the crash is quite simpel:
>>
>> auto GetLayerFeaureFIDs( OGRLayer& layer ) -> std::vector< GIntBig >
>> {
>> std::cout << "Processing layer '" << layer.GetName() << "'...\n";
>>
>> std::vector< GIntBig > fids;
>>
>> OGRFeature* feature = layer.GetNextFeature();
>>
>> for ( ; feature != nullptr; feature = layer.GetNextFeature() )
>> {
>> if ( nullptr == feature )
>> {
>> std::cout << "Got a null feature from layer '" << layer.GetName() << "'.
>> Skipping it.\n";
>> continue;
>> }
>>
>> fids.push_back( feature->GetFID() );
>> }
>>
>> return fids;
>> }
>>
>> It doesn't happen for each layer, i.e. in my DEBUG build, where no crash
>> happens, an error is reported about a thrown TopologyException:
>>
>> Debug: GDAL: GDALOpen(C:\Projects\TestGdal\x64\Debug\43.pbf,
>> this=000001D7A8789410) succeeds as MVT. (code: 0)
>> Processing layer 'boundary'...
>> Processing layer 'landcover'...
>> Failure: TopologyException: side location conflict at 3934.7142857142858
>> 3859.8571428571427. This can occur if the input geometry is invalid. (code:
>> 1)
>> Processing layer 'landuse'...
>> Failure: TopologyException: side location conflict at 494.19230769230768
>> 2796.5769230769229. This can occur if the input geometry is invalid. (code:
>> 1)
>> ...
>>
>> The crash is a Access Violation, the top of the call-stack looks like
>> this:
>>
>>   [Inline Frame] geos.dll!geos::geom::CoordinateXY::equals2D(const
>> geos::geom::CoordinateXY &) Line 106 C++
>>   [Inline Frame]
>> geos.dll!geos::index::kdtree::KdTree::queryNodePoint(geos::index::kdtree::KdNode
>> * currentNode, const geos::geom::Coordinate & odd, bool) Line 235 C++
>>   geos.dll!geos::index::kdtree::KdTree::query(const
>> geos::geom::Coordinate & queryPt) Line 289 C++
>>   [Inline Frame]
>> geos.dll!geos::noding::snapround::HotPixelIndex::find(const
>> geos::geom::Coordinate &) Line 146 C++
>>   geos.dll!geos::noding::snapround::HotPixelIndex::addRounded(const
>> geos::geom::CoordinateXYZM & pRound) Line 48 C++
>>   [Inline Frame]
>> geos.dll!geos::noding::snapround::HotPixelIndex::add(const
>> geos::geom::CoordinateXYZM &) Line 90 C++
>>   [Inline Frame]
>> geos.dll!geos::noding::snapround::HotPixelIndex::addNodes::__l2::<lambda_8c47a75e4bac7a256ab75080e3e5d5f0>::operator()(const
>> geos::geom::CoordinateXYZM &) Line 127 C++
>>
>> geos.dll!geos::geom::CoordinateSequence::forEach<<lambda_8c47a75e4bac7a256ab75080e3e5d5f0>>(geos::noding::snapround::HotPixelIndex::addNodes::__l2::<lambda_8c47a75e4bac7a256ab75080e3e5d5f0>
>> && fun) Line 701 C++
>>   geos.dll!geos::noding::snapround::HotPixelIndex::addNodes(const
>> geos::geom::CoordinateSequence * pts) Line 130 C++
>>
>> geos.dll!geos::noding::snapround::SnapRoundingNoder::addIntersectionPixels(std::vector<geos::noding::SegmentString
>> *,std::allocator<geos::noding::SegmentString *>> & segStrings) Line 85 C++
>>
>> geos.dll!geos::noding::snapround::SnapRoundingNoder::snapRound(std::vector<geos::noding::SegmentString
>> *,std::allocator<geos::noding::SegmentString *>> & inputSegStrings,
>> std::vector<geos::noding::SegmentString
>> *,std::allocator<geos::noding::SegmentString *>> & resultNodedSegments)
>> Line 70 C++
>>
>> geos.dll!geos::operation::overlayng::EdgeNodingBuilder::node(std::vector<geos::noding::SegmentString
>> *,std::allocator<geos::noding::SegmentString *>> * segStrings) Line 122 C++
>>   geos.dll!geos::operation::overlayng::EdgeNodingBuilder::build(const
>> geos::geom::Geometry * geom0, const geos::geom::Geometry * geom1) Line 104
>> C++
>>   geos.dll!geos::operation::overlayng::OverlayNG::computeEdgeOverlay()
>> Line 227 C++
>>   geos.dll!geos::operation::overlayng::OverlayNG::getResult() Line 195 C++
>>   geos.dll!geos::operation::overlayng::OverlayNG::overlay(const
>> geos::geom::Geometry * geom0, const geos::geom::Geometry * geom1, int
>> opCode, const geos::geom::PrecisionModel * pm) Line 100 C++
>>   geos.dll!geos::operation::overlayng::OverlayNGRobust::overlaySR(const
>> geos::geom::Geometry * geom0, const geos::geom::Geometry * geom1, int
>> opCode) Line 295 C++
>>   geos.dll!geos::operation::overlayng::OverlayNGRobust::Overlay(const
>> geos::geom::Geometry * geom0, const geos::geom::Geometry * geom1, int
>> opCode) Line 147 C++
>>   geos.dll!geos::geom::HeuristicOverlay(const geos::geom::Geometry * g0,
>> const geos::geom::Geometry * g1, int opCode) Line 194 C++
>>   geos.dll!geos::geom::Geometry::intersection(const geos::geom::Geometry
>> * other) Line 616 C++
>>   [Inline Frame]
>> geos_c.dll!GEOSIntersection_r::__l2::<lambda_3988e1633fcf92bee6886158a6950fe9>::operator()()
>> Line 1322 C++
>>   geos_c.dll!execute<`anonymous
>> namespace'::InterruptManager,<lambda_3988e1633fcf92bee6886158a6950fe9>,0>(GEOSContextHandle_HS
>> * extHandle,
>> GEOSIntersection_r::__l2::<lambda_3988e1633fcf92bee6886158a6950fe9> && f)
>> Line 521 C++
>>   geos_c.dll!GEOSIntersection_r(GEOSContextHandle_HS * extHandle, const
>> geos::geom::Geometry * g1, const geos::geom::Geometry * g2) Line 1326 C++
>>   gdal.dll!BuildGeometryFromTwoGeoms(const OGRGeometry * poSelf, const
>> OGRGeometry * poOtherGeom, GEOSGeom_t *(*)(GEOSContextHandle_HS *, const
>> GEOSGeom_t *, const GEOSGeom_t *) pfnGEOSFunction_r) Line 3814 C++
>>   gdal.dll!OGRMVTLayer::GetNextRawFeature() Line 1381 C++
>>   [Inline Frame]
>> gdal.dll!OGRGetNextFeatureThroughRaw<OGRMVTLayerBase>::GetNextFeature()
>> Line 513 C++
>>   gdal.dll!OGRMVTLayerBase::GetNextFeature() Line 144 C++
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>
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