[postgis-users] Querying Multiple Rasters

Bborie Park dustymugs at gmail.com
Tue Jul 30 09:54:02 PDT 2013 

3m NED data doesn't exist for the continental US (at least from USGS). But
if you were to do so, you could consider a different scheme...

1. All NED files are stored as out-db rasters
2. Each table is for one state, though in some situations you may want more
than one table per state (e.g. Texas, California).

That should help you keep the # of partitions to a minimum and reduce the
size of each partition.

-bborie



On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 9:42 AM, Jayson Gallardo <jaysontrades at gmail.com>wrote:

> I was reading the page on partitioning, and the very last line says* "**Partitioning
> using these techniques will work well with up to perhaps a hundred
> partitions; don't try to use many thousands of partitions." *I'm already
> up to ~400 tables in this partitioning scheme just for Arkansas and Iowa...
> Is this a good idea? Would there be a better way to do the entire
> continental US?
>
>
> On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 11:39 AM, Bborie Park <dustymugs at gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> The quick and dirty approach is to have a query before that query that
>> transforms the WKT.
>>
>> Something like "SELECT ST_AsEWKT(ST_Transform(...))"
>>
>> -bborie
>>
>>
>> On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 9:35 AM, Jayson Gallardo <jaysontrades at gmail.com>wrote:
>>
>>> I suppose I could do that in my script. How should I go about that? My
>>> process is as follows:
>>>
>>>    - User selects area of interest on a map (openlayers)
>>>    - User clicks submit, and python script is called with the WKT
>>>    passed as an argument
>>>    - Python script queries the database, which then outputs the raster
>>>    - Raster is processed through a library
>>>    - Processed raster is displayed as an overlay on the map
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 11:31 AM, Bborie Park <dustymugs at gmail.com>wrote:
>>>
>>>> Are you able to transform the wkt before passing it to the sql?
>>>> Partitioning only works on constant values, not values that need
>>>> processing, e.g. ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText(\'%s\',%i),%i)).
>>>>
>>>> -bborie
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 9:25 AM, Jayson Gallardo <
>>>> jaysontrades at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> Here's the constraints:
>>>>>   CONSTRAINT dem_elevation_n33w092_pkey PRIMARY KEY (rid ),
>>>>>   CONSTRAINT enforce_height_rast CHECK (st_height(rast) = 100),
>>>>>   CONSTRAINT enforce_max_extent_rast CHECK
>>>>> (st_coveredby(st_convexhull(rast), '*...truncated...*'::geometry)),
>>>>>   CONSTRAINT enforce_num_bands_rast CHECK (st_numbands(rast) = 1),
>>>>>   CONSTRAINT enforce_out_db_rast CHECK
>>>>> (_raster_constraint_out_db(rast) = '{f}'::boolean[]),
>>>>>   CONSTRAINT enforce_pixel_types_rast CHECK
>>>>> (_raster_constraint_pixel_types(rast) = '{32BF}'::text[]),
>>>>>   CONSTRAINT enforce_same_alignment_rast CHECK (st_samealignment(rast,
>>>>> '*...truncated...*'::raster)),
>>>>>   CONSTRAINT enforce_scalex_rast CHECK
>>>>> (st_scalex(rast)::numeric(16,10) = 0.000092592592593::numeric(16,10)),
>>>>>   CONSTRAINT enforce_scaley_rast CHECK
>>>>> (st_scaley(rast)::numeric(16,10) = (-0.000092592592593)::numeric(16,10)),
>>>>>   CONSTRAINT enforce_srid_rast CHECK (st_srid(rast) = 4269),
>>>>>   CONSTRAINT enforce_width_rast CHECK (st_width(rast) = 100)
>>>>>
>>>>> and my python script:
>>>>>
>>>>> wkt = sys.argv[1]  # Polygon shape in WKT format
>>>>> raster_type = 'GTiff'
>>>>> table_name = 'dem_elevation'
>>>>> map_srs = 900913
>>>>> table_srs = 4269
>>>>> sql_text = 'SELECT ST_AsGDALRaster(ST_CLIP(ST_Union(rast),
>>>>> ST_GeomFromText(\'%s\',%i)),\'%s\') FROM "%s" WHERE
>>>>> ST_Intersects(rast, ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText(\'%s\',%i),%i))' %
>>>>> (wkt, map_srs, raster_type, table_name, wkt, map_srs, table_srs)
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 11:12 AM, Bborie Park <dustymugs at gmail.com>wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>> Jayson,
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Can you share one of the queries? Also, what check constraints are
>>>>>> you using?
>>>>>>
>>>>>> -bborie
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 7:49 AM, Jayson Gallardo <
>>>>>> jaysontrades at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>> So, I used Explain on my SELECT statement, and whether
>>>>>>> constraint_exclusion is on or off, it seems to spit out the same number of
>>>>>>> rows in the query plan. Is there something I need to do for my table
>>>>>>> constraints so that it doesn't do a check on every table I have loaded?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 9:20 AM, Jayson Gallardo <
>>>>>>> jaysontrades at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Quick follow up question to my situation... I recently loaded 3m
>>>>>>>> resolution NED for Iowa. I have them loaded to one table per source tile,
>>>>>>>> and have them inheriting from the parent table that the Arkansas NED is
>>>>>>>> inheriting from. Ever since, however, my database seems to be running
>>>>>>>> pretty slow. I've run a full vacuum on the data, and there are constraints
>>>>>>>> on each table.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> How can I be sure that when I query the parent database that it's
>>>>>>>> not querying every single table?
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 23, 2013 at 3:14 PM, Bborie Park <dustymugs at gmail.com>wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> I'm just glad to help. Feel free to post your experience,
>>>>>>>>> feedback, issues and/or wishes on the mailing-list.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> -bborie
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 23, 2013 at 1:10 PM, Jayson Gallardo <
>>>>>>>>> jaysontrades at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>> Oh, okay. Yeah you're right about it taking time. I wrote a
>>>>>>>>>> python script to generate the raster2pgsql call with the appropriate table
>>>>>>>>>> name, so I can just let it run while I do other things. I really appreciate
>>>>>>>>>> your help on this. I googled your name and I see you're a pretty busy
>>>>>>>>>> person, so I'm glad you're taking the time to answer my questions.
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 23, 2013 at 3:05 PM, Bborie Park <dustymugs at gmail.com
>>>>>>>>>> > wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> No. I'm suggesting it later as it does take time and separates
>>>>>>>>>>> operations. Get everything imported first and then add constraints.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> Having said that, you can do it all at once if so desired...
>>>>>>>>>>> just preference depending on volume of import data.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> -bborie
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 23, 2013 at 1:02 PM, Jayson Gallardo <
>>>>>>>>>>> jaysontrades at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>> Okay, is there a specific reason why? As your link states: "
>>>>>>>>>>>> raster2pgsql loader uses this function to register raster
>>>>>>>>>>>> tables". Are you saying I should specify constraints that will be similar
>>>>>>>>>>>> across all tables?
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 23, 2013 at 2:53 PM, Bborie Park <
>>>>>>>>>>>> dustymugs at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>> I'd suggest adding constraints after the fact through SQL
>>>>>>>>>>>>> instead of letting raster2pgsql do it.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>> http://www.postgis.net/docs/manual-2.0/RT_AddRasterConstraints.html
>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>> -bborie
>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 23, 2013 at 12:51 PM, Jayson Gallardo <
>>>>>>>>>>>>> jaysontrades at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> So based on the link you provided, and what else I've
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> gathered, I first create a parent table:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>  CREATE TABLE dem_elevation
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> (
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   rid integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   rast raster,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> );
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>  Then I run raster2pgsql on all the downloaded elevation
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> data, sending each input tile to its own table, ie. dem_elevation_n36w091.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Then alter table to inherit from parent:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ALTER TABLE dem_elevation_n36w091 INHERIT dem_elevation;
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> With raster2pgsql taking care of setting the constraints for
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> each table. Now, I can just query the parent table dem_elevation to get
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> what I need?
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 23, 2013 at 2:33 PM, Bborie Park <
>>>>>>>>>>>>>> dustymugs at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> I use the USGS NED 10 meter for California with one table
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> for each input raster. In the partitioned table scheme, data tables inherit
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> from a template (parent) table. Queries run on the parent table access the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> inherited tables.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> -bborie
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 23, 2013 at 11:56 AM, Jayson Gallardo <
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> jaysontrades at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Yes, it's usgs ned. And I initially went with one table for
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> each input tile, but I didn't know how to join (or union) them together for
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> my query.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>  On Jul 23, 2013 1:14 PM, "Bborie Park" <
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> dustymugs at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Can you describe your elevation dataset? Is it USGS NED?
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> At which resolution (10 meter, 3 meter?)?
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> As for table partitioning...
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/ddl-partitioning.html
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> You'll probably partition spatially, though an easy
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> solution is to have a table for each input raster file.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> -bborie
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 23, 2013 at 11:05 AM, Jayson Gallardo <
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> jaysontrades at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Thanks for responding. Could you outline how I would go
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> about doing a partitioned table structure? My only concern with tile size
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> is processing time. Most of my queries will involve areas of less than 1
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> mi^2, and I would clip the data into that shape. I just don't know where to
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> start! There's not too many resources online/print dealing with postgis
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> rasters in detail.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 23, 2013 at 12:57 PM, Bborie Park <
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> dustymugs at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> You may not need to drop all the constraints when adding
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> additional data to the table. You most likely will need to drop is the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> maximum extent constraint. Assuming the input rasters have the same scale,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> skew and SRID as that found in the table, you don't need to drop those
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> corresponding constraints.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> If you're going to do the continental US at a fine
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> resolution (e.g. 1 meter), you do NOT want to put all the rasters in one
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> table. You'll want to use a partitioned table structure and should consider
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> a bigger tile size (depending on your hardware).
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> -bborie
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 23, 2013 at 10:43 AM, Jayson Gallardo <
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> jaysontrades at gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> I've looked and looked, but I have not been able to
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> find an answer to my question. I have downloaded elevation data for the
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> state of Arkansas (in the form of multiple tiles), and used raster2pgsql to
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> upload it into a single table:
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> raster2pgsql -I -C -e -F -t 50x50 -l 2,4 n*/grdn*
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> public.dem_elevation | psql -U postgres -d testdb -h localhost -p 5432
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> I did this because I didn't know how to pull the data
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> if they were in separate tables. Now, however I would like to add elevation
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> data for other areas. I tried to just add it to the current table, but that
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> required dropping the constraints which for such a huge amount of data
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> seems to take a long time (I let it run for 24+ hours and it didn't
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> finish). So, my question is, if I load all my rasters as individual tables,
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> how could I run something similar to this query on them all (from a python
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> script):
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> SELECT ST_AsGDALRaster(ST_CLIP(ST_Union(rast),
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ST_GeomFromText(WKT,900913)),'GTiff') FROM "dem_elevation" WHERE
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ST_Intersects(rast, ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText(WKT,900913),4269))
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> My goal, if it's not obvious, is to clip elevation data
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> and export it to a GTiff format and perform some operations on that raster
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> data. Eventually, I would like to put the whole continental US elevation
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> data into my database, so I need to be able to do so, while still being
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> able to query them based on an area of interest the user selects from a
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> map. I started working with PostGIS and Mapserver last month, so please
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> forgive my ignorance on such topics. Thanks in advance
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
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